Who Respects an Angry Woman? Status Conferral, Competence, and Attribution Towards Angry Women Worker in Indonesia
Kata Kunci:
Attribution, Competence, Gender, Status ConferralAbstrak
Prior research indicated that men who expressed anger were often perceived as more competent and were granted higher status than women who expressed anger, who were instead viewed as driven by internal factors like personality. This study examined the relationship between expressed emotion, status, competence, and attribution in a professional context in Indonesia. Using a 2x2 between-subject design, 43 males (mean age = 21.74) and 135 females (mean age = 20.59) were randomly assigned to four scenarios. Participants completed questionnaires measuring perceived status (α=0.857), competence (α=0.830), and internal attribution (α=0.810). Findings revealed that angry male targets were rated as more competent than angry female targets (M = 12.73 vs. 10.63), with anger attributed more to external factors for men and to internal factors for women. There was no difference in perceptions of status, competence, or attribution in the "no emotion" condition. This study highlighted that in professional contexts, anger can enhance perceived competence for men but not for women, who were seen as less competent and more internally driven when expressing anger. Further research with a more diverse sample was recommended to strengthen effect size and power.
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